說明
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) has been reported for many years in Rarotonga, Cook Islands, and has had the world’s highest reported incidence of this illness for the last 20 years. Following intensive sampling to understand the distribution of the causative organisms of CFP, an undescribed Gambierdiscus species was isolated from the Rarotongan lagoon. Gambierdiscus cheloniae sp. nov. has the common Gambierdiscus Kofoidian plate formula (except for a variability in the number of precingular plates in aberrant cells): Po, 30 , 600 (700), 6C?, 6 or 7S, 50 00 , 1p and 200 00 . The 20 plate is hatchet shaped and the dorsal end of 1p is pointed and the relatively narrow 1p plate. Morphologically G. cheloniae is similar to the genetically closely related species G. pacificus, G. toxicus and G. belizeanus, although smaller (depth and length) than G. toxicus. The apical pore plate varies from those of G. belizeanus and G. pacificus, which are shorter and narrower, and from G. toxicus, which is larger. G. cheloniae also differs from G. pacificus in the shape of the 20 plate. The description of this new species is supported by phylogenetic analyses using three different gene regions. G. cheloniae produced the putative maitotoxin-3 analogue, MTX-3, but neither maitotoxin or monitored ciguatoxin. Extracts of G. cheloniae were shown to be highly toxic to mice by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, although they were less toxic by gavage. It is possible that this species produces toxins other than putative MTX-3.
資料紀錄
此資源sampling event的資料已發佈為達爾文核心集檔案（DwC-A），其以一或多組資料表構成分享生物多樣性資料的標準格式。 核心資料表包含 6 筆紀錄。
亦存在 2 筆延伸集的資料表。延伸集中的紀錄補充核心集中紀錄的額外資訊。 每個延伸集資料表中資料筆數顯示如下。
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版本
以下的表格只顯示可公開存取資源的已發布版本。
如何引用
研究者應依照以下指示引用此資源。:
Smith K F, Rhodes L, Verma A, Curley B G, Harwood D T, Kohli G S, Solomona D, Rongo T, Munday R, Murray S A (2024). A Gambierdiscus species (Dinophyceae) from Rarotonga, Cook Islands: Gambierdiscus cheloniae. Version 1.0. Southwestern Pacific Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS) Node. Samplingevent dataset. https://nzobisipt.niwa.co.nz/resource?r=gambierdiscus_rarotonga&v=1.0
權利
研究者應尊重以下權利聲明。:
此資料的發布者及權利單位為 Southwestern Pacific Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS) Node。 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF 註冊
此資源尚未向GBIF註冊
關鍵字
Samplingevent
聯絡資訊
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地理涵蓋範圍
Rarotonga, Cook Islands
| 界定座標範圍 | 緯度南界 經度西界 [-21.273, -159.826], 緯度北界 經度東界 [-21.211, -159.729] |
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時間涵蓋範圍
| 起始日期 / 結束日期 | 2014-11-01 / 2014-11-30 |
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取樣方法
Sampling was carried out in November 2014 at six selected sample sites: Muri Lagoon, Titikaveka Beach, adjacent to the Queen’s Representative residence (near Turoa Beach), the Papua Passage, adjacent to the Highland Paradise Cultural Centre and Black Rock Beach
| 研究範圍 | Rarotonga, Cook Islands |
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方法步驟描述:
- Dinoflagellate cells were shaken from macro-algae into sealable plastic containers containing local sea water (approx. 500 mL each). Sub-samples were transferred to 50 mL Falcon tubes (BD Biosciences, USA) and germanium dioxide (approx. 1% final conc.) was added on arrival at the temporary laboratory (Muri Beachcomber Motel, Rarotonga, Cook Islands) in order to suppress diatom growth. Cells were isolated under a light microscope (Olympus CK2) using modified pickers (fine glass tubing with one end drawn to a fine tip under flame and the other end attached to fine silicone tubing so as suction can be applied) and transferred into 24-well tissue culture plates (Becton Dickinson, USA) containing sea water and f2 medium (Guillard, 1975; final conc. 5%) to support dinoflagellate growth. Uni-algal isolates were transported back to the laboratory at the Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand for culturing and determination of their DNA sequencing data, morphological characteristics and toxin production. On return to the Cawthron Institute, cultures were grown at 25 C +- 2 C with 40–70 mmol m-2 s-1 photon irradiance (12:12 h L:D). Selected clonal cultures were deposited in the Cawthron Institute Culture Collection of Micro-algae (CICCM).
收藏資料
| 蒐藏名稱 | Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand |
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| 蒐藏編號 | CAWD |
引用文獻
- Smith, K.F., Rhodes, L., Verma, A., Curley, B.G., Harwood, D.T., Kohli, G.S., Solomona, D., Rongo, T., Munday, R. and Murray, S.A., 2016. A new Gambierdiscus species (Dinophyceae) from Rarotonga, Cook Islands: Gambierdiscus cheloniae sp. nov. Harmful Algae, 60, pp.45-56.
額外的詮釋資料
marine, harvested by iOBIS